Students in grades 6 to 12 are expected to use a green Excused Absence form and to promptly return it to the school secretary for filing. In cases of delinquent absence from school, make-up tests or examinations will be given at the subject teacher's discretion.

General (6-12):

The parent(s)/guardian(s) of students who miss school without valid excuse will be contacted by the school to determine the reasons for the child's absenteeism. Attendance will be taken in homeroom, and in all individual classes.

The Education Act refers to regular school attendance as both a duty of the pupil and an expectation on the part of parents to cause attendance to take place. The Act recognizes that regular attendance supports the learning success of the student and contributes to the learning environment of the school.

The following attendance procedure will be followed:

1. When attendance becomes a concern, the class teacher will contact home (generally before the 5th questionable absence under the Act.)
   
   
2. If the student continues to miss days and has no valid excuse under the Act, after eight days of unexcused absences this letter will be sent home. The parent will be contacted by the Student Services team to develop an agreed-to plan.
   
   
3. If it goes beyond 12 days of questionable absences (per semester HS), a conference must occur with parents. This conference will generate a clearly-written and agreed-to plan of action.
   
   

• Medical/Dental/Optometric reasons verified by medical staff if prior notification has not been completed. Medical excuses must be presented to the teachers and the main office.
  
  
• Death in the family
  
  
• Family emergency
  
  
• Court summons
  
  
• Educational Trip (as pre-approved by administration)
  
  
• Religious Holiday
  
  
• In-school or out-of-school suspensions

Student Conduct

All students have a right to learn in a productive environment, and have a right to come to school and feel safe. No attempt is made to give a complete list of rules of conduct. Students are expected to conduct themselves properly at all times at school, on the bus, and during school activities away from school.

1. Students will not interfere with the education of other students in the classroom, through misbehaviour, refusal to do work, disruptions, or interfering with the teacher's responsibilities in the classroom.
   
   
2. Repeated insubordination or misconduct (defiant refusal to modify unacceptable conduct).
   
   
3. Missing class without acceptable excuse.
   
   
4. Rowdyism, fighting or provoking fights (includes "play fighting"), vandalism, refusal to do assigned schoolwork, creating a nuisance, refusal to attend classes or to sit in a designated place will not be tolerated.
   
   
5. Students will refrain from: A) tampering with (even touching) fire alarms and fire-fighting equipment, B) using abusive language or threats toward a staff member or another student, and C) theft of school property, property of school staff, or the property of other students. Although the school is not responsible for items stolen from students, administrators may investigate or contact the police regarding stolen articles. Students may deposit valuables with a teacher or at the front office for safekeeping for short periods of time.
   
   
6. Students will keep from littering or defacing school property.
   
   
7. Students will not leave class without the permission of a teacher. When in the halls, grade 9-12 students are to have hall passes.
   
   
8. No student will have in his possession items such as skateboards, roller blades, laser pointers, chains (such as wallet chains), knives, firearms, firecrackers or explosives, 'stink bombs', alcoholic beverages, drugs, or items used to create a nuisance and disturb others.
   
   
9. Students are to leave hats, jackets, book bags, cell phones, CD player and MP3 players in their lockers. Students are not to have these items with them in classes.
   
   
10. There shall be no trafficking on school premises. Trafficking means the sale or barter of goods or services.
    
    
11. Students will not smoke on designated school property or during school functions held outside of or away from school.
    
    
12. Students will refrain from sitting on the floor or in stairways at all times.
    
    
13. Students may not consume food or beverages in the hallways. Water bottles are allowed in classrooms at the teachers' discretion.
    
    
14. While in the balcony, students must refrain from making excessive noise and from placing their feet on the benches.
    
    
15. Students will refrain from making unnecessary noise (whistling, shouting, and the like) at all times, and, from speaking above a whisper in the halls while classes are in session.
    
    
16. Twenty minutes after the departure of the last school bus students remaining in the school building must be involved in a school activity or otherwise be under the supervision of a teacher.
    
    
17. Students excluded from class for misconduct may be asked to promptly report to the office of the principal or the office of the vice-principal.
    
    
18. Courtship and expressions of love and affection shall not involve physical contact; holding hands, for example.
    
    
19. Students are to remain on school premises when classes are in session.
    
    
20. Students must sign out at the main office before leaving school grounds and being absent for the remainder of the school day. When parent approval is confirmed (by note or telephone), a student will be allowed to leave.
    
    

Disciplinary Procedure

1. Routine discipline problems shall be dealt with by the classroom teacher. Possible consequences are noon and/or after-school detention. Should after-school detention be given, the teacher will advise the parents; it will be the parents' responsibility to arrange the student's transportation home.
   
   
2. If a routine classroom discipline problem becomes chronic, a teacher may refer a student to the Level System, as per the Student Recognition and Conduct Program. If warranted, the Level Team may decide to place a student on Level 2 or 3 of the Program.
   
   
3. The following infractions will lead to suspensions in or out of school: fighting, physical assault, vandalism, possession of weapons, being under the influence or having possession of drugs or alcohol (see drug and alcohol policy), abusive language towards staff members, theft and threatening behaviours.
   
   
4. Bullying and harassment cases reported to the office will be investigated. Administrators, teachers, guidance and/or the Student Services Team will intervene and parents will be contacted. Students who repeatedly bully or harass others will be suspended from school.
   
   
5. Generally, administrators will handle cases where a case conference or suspension from school is warranted. The Education Act states that an administrator may suspend a student for up to 5 consecutive days. The administrator will consult with the Director of Education for suspensions exceeding 5 days.
   
   

When a student is suspended from school his/her parent or guardian will be promptly informed verbally if possible (by telephone) and subsequently by letter. A student suspended for more than 5 (five) days may appeal the suspension at the school level by contacting the principal. While suspended from school, a student may not come to school during school hours and may not participate in any school activities.

Drug and Alcohol Policy

A sound school environment is free from drugs and alcohol. Possession of drugs or alcohol is strictly forbidden. Students coming to school under the influence of such substances will face severe consequences. School property is subject to periodic searches by drug enforcement authorities.

The following are guidelines on how drug and alcohol violations will be handled:

1. Upon receiving a report that a student has drugs or alcohol in his or her possession, administration will search the student, and their locker.
   
   
2. Students found to be in possession of drugs or alcohol will be suspended from school indefinitely. The police will be called immediately.
   
   
3. Students who come to school under the influence of drugs or alcohol will be suspended for a minimum of five (5) days. Should a similar incident reoccur, a suspension for the remainder of the semester or school year may be warranted.
   
   
4. Students who smell of drugs, or have belongings in their lockers that smell of drugs will be reported to administration. The students' parent(s)/guardian(s) will be notified. Students may be suspended from school and will be referred to a drug counselor.
   
   
5. Students involved in the use of drugs or alcohol will on school outings (field trips, sports events, etc.) will be suspended from further participation in any kind of school outing (including sports) for the remainder of the current school year. Other school rules pertaining to such infractions will be applied.
   
   

Student Recognition & Conduct Program– Grades 6-12

Level 1

• Like all students, you begin and remain at Level 1 unless your behaviour causes movement to Level 2 or 3.
  
  

Behaviour

• You are acting in a responsible manner and respecting the rights of others. You display a respect for the rules of the classroom and the school.
  
  
• You are cooperative and making a genuine effort to work well with teachers and other students. You do assigned work (in-class and at home) to the best of your ability.
  
  

Acknowledgements

• Normal privileges such as participation on school field trips, sports teams, clubs, groups, dances, and other school functions.
  
  
• Positive reinforcement in the form of verbal praise, compliments, notes, peer recognition certificates, gold cards, etc., for performance, improvement, completion, participation, and effort.
  
  
• Recognition for success may also be given in the following ways: Student-of-the-Month (per homeroom); List of Honour Students; Monthly Assemblies; Improvement, Duke of Edinburgh, Academic, Music, and Reading Awards; Yearbook, Newspaper, and Radio Coverage; Photos of Accomplishments, etc.
  
  

Level 2

Behaviour

• One or more teachers are concerned about your behaviour and conduct as a student at the school.
  
  
• You are not seen as cooperating.
  
  
• You are repeatedly causing problems in class or around the school.
  
  
• You are doing one of more of these things:
  
  

  1. disrupting class so others cannot work
     
     
  2. being disrespectful to teachers or fellow students (i.e., harassment, bullying, vulgar language, etc.)
     
     
  3. choosing not to respond to help or direction from your teachers
     
     
  4. not completing your work


• You will return to Level 1 after you have demonstrated an improvement in the area(s) of concern.

Consequences/Conditions

• You will meet with your teacher(s) to clarify the problem and seek solutions together.
  
  
• You will have noon hour detention for a minimum of 5 school days.
  
  
• All assigned work must be completed.
  
  
• Members of teams or groups will not be allowed to participate in any school-based extra-curricular activities for a period of 7 days, including weekends. This probation is effective immediately regardless of games/tournaments/events coming up. Reinstatement will occur when teachers and/or coaches approve your behaviour changes.
  
  
• You may be isolated from the student body for a time (in-school suspension).
  
  
• You may be required to remain after school for a period of time.
  
  
• An improvement must be noted by your teachers within one week or you will be moved to Level 3.
  
  

Level 3

Behaviour

Consequences/Conditions

• Your parents will be called. A meeting with administration and the guidance counselor will be arranged. In the case of outstanding work, you will be sent home with a list of missed assignments and projects. You will remain at home until the work is completed. Prior to returning to classes, you will meet with an administrator to review work, and decide if readmission is warranted.
  
  
• All sanctions from Level 2 remain in place.
  
  
• You will be required to take a behaviour/homework sheet with you to every class. This sheet must be signed by your teachers, by your parents, and returned to administration the next morning.
  
  
• You will not be allowed to participate in any inter-scholastic or intramural activity beyond the prescribed curriculum until you return to Level 1.
  
  
• You will be referred to the school Student Services Team. Students will be dealt with as individuals. The team will review your case and decide on the best course of action. This may include one or more of the following:
  
  

  1. a case conference with your parent(s)/guardian(s)
     
     
  2. in or out-of-school suspension
     
     
  3. permanent removal from extra-curricular activities
     
     
  4. further intervention through outside agencies


• Continued failure to change your behaviour at this point may result in your removal from school.
  
  
• If you complete all assigned work and/or improve your behaviour, you may be placed back on Level 1.
  
  

John Caldwell Student of the Month

One student per homeroom will be selected. Students are nominated by individual teachers, or by a group of teachers and/or students. A student may be chosen more than once during the school year. The Student of the Month is based on all or several of the following criteria:

• achieves a high academic standing
  
  
• works to his/her potential, or shows improvement
  
  
• displays a positive attitude
  
  
• participates in extracurricular or volunteer work
  
  
• achieves a special award in an activity (i.e. drama, sports, oratorical)
  
  

Student Parking

Students who bring vehicles to school are not to park on school grounds from 8:00 AM to 3:30 PM. Students may park at the Curling Club or La Rochelle parking lot. Violators will have their vehicles towed away at their expense.

School Bus Safety

To insure the safety of all students the New Brunswick Department of Education has issued the following school bus safety rules.

1. Be on time and never stand in the street or highway while waiting for the school bus.
   
   
2. Be absolutely quiet while the bus is approaching and crossing a railway.
   
   
3. Pupils shall be picked up and discharged only at bus stops approved by the District.
   
   
4. Obey the driver promptly and avoid any unnecessary conversation with him/her while the bus is in motion.
   
   
5. Do not cross the road behind the bus. Crossings are to be made in front of the bus, not nearer than 10 feet and only after looking in both directions.
   
   
6. Occupy seats assigned by the driver or other school official.
   
   
7. Obtain approval of the driver to open the EMERGENCY DOOR or bus WINDOWS. Do not throw anything out of the windows or extend hands, arms or legs through the openings.
   
   
8. Do not throw refuse on the floor of the bus and help the driver to keep the bus sanitary.
   
   
9. Eating or drinking is not permitted on a school bus.
   
   
10. The use of tobacco in any form is not permitted on the bus.
    
    
11. Be courteous to the driver and passengers. Rough or boisterous conduct will not be permitted on the bus.
    
    
12. In case of any road emergency, remain seated in the bus until ordered to vacate.
    
    
13. Willful damage to the bus must be paid for by the offender.

N.B. Any infringement of the above rules may result in disciplinary action by school officials and possible loss of transportation privileges.

School Outings

Students are reminded that during activities outside the school, they are ambassadors of the John Caldwell School. Students are expected to be well groomed, tidy and neat in dress, and polite and courteous at all times. All school rules of conduct and dress apply at all times. This applies to sports activities as well.

The following criteria are described to help students understand what is expected of them.

• Motor vehicle transportation must be via school bus, van, or other authorized vehicle. All regular school bus rules will apply during outings. Where cars are used, students are not permitted to drive. All participants must go to and return from activities by authorized vehicle. Parents who pick up their children will please advise the supervisor themselves (note, telephone, in person). Only students who are participants will be allowed to travel in said vehicles.
  
  
• In the case of a student who is not a participant of a school group at an activity on OR OFF school grounds but who is present at such an activity, he or she will be under the same rules and regulations as the group, and under the authority of the teacher supervising the group.
  
  
• There shall be no trafficking during any part of an activity. Trafficking means the sale or barter of goods or services.
  
  
• Students involved in the use of drugs or alcohol will be suspended from further participation in any kind of school outing (including sports) for the remainder of the current school year. Other school rules pertaining to such infractions will be applied.
  
  
• In some cases a fee will be charged to pay for transportation and the like. If a student is unable to pay, he or she should discuss this matter with the teacher in private. Generally, ability to pay is not a condition for participation in an activity.
  
  
• Students with undeclared health problems will please advise the supervisor before leaving on an outing.

Student Dress

• Students are expected to dress modestly and appropriately at all times. Students may not wear hats or bandanas in school.
  
  
• Students should not wear revealing clothing to school, such as see-through tops, clothing that shows midriffs and spaghetti strap tank tops. In warm weather students will be more comfortable in shorts. The hem of shorts or skirts should be 2 inches (5 cm) above the knee.
  
  
• Attire suitable for sports or physical education (shorts, swimsuits, leotards, and the like) will be worn during those activities only.
  
  
• Clothing which advertises or displays alcohol or drugs, an improper slogan, or which has immoral or political implications may not be worn at school.
  
  
• A student who comes to school without proper attire may be sent home to correct his/her personal appearance. Cases will be dealt with discretely and in private. All students who wear clothing which could contribute to accidents and injury or which may be injurious to their health will not be admitted to class (in the laboratory, shops, gymnasium and kitchen especially).

Tardiness

Students are expected to be prepared for class and on time every day. Those who are habitually late will be placed be placed on Level 2 or be given detentions to make up missed time. Students may be required to attend after school detentions.

Students are expected to use computers in a very responsible manner. No student is allowed to tamper with any of the hardware or software, or with the school network. Should any student abuse the privilege of using a computer at school, the privilege will be revoked. Unauthorized use of the school network to transfer or download is strictly forbidden. Networked computers require that you use your ID and password. Users may use their own ID and password ONLY. IDs are used to track users. Students using someone else's ID will automatically lose their computer privileges.

Any violation of the policy may result in the following consequences (depending on the nature of the offense):

• First Offense - Verbal warning given to student, call to parents.
  
  
• Second Offense - Loss of computer privileges for a week, the semester or school year.
  
  

Internet use is restricted by regulations set by the Department of Education. This policy is available on the Department of Education’s website at:

http://www.gnb.ca/0000/index-e.asp

Lockers and Locks

• Lockers and locks are the property of the school and are made available to students on the basis of one locker per 1-2 students. When conditions allow, lockers may be assigned on a one student per locker basis.
  
  
• Lockers are subject to unannounced searches.
  
  
• Only locks supplied (or authorized) by the school may be used on lockers. Users shall return locks to the homeroom teacher at the end of the school year. Users who willfully damage locks must pay a five-dollar ($5.00) replacement fee. Students with outstanding accounts in this matter shall not be assigned a locker.
  
  
• It is the responsibility of users to keep lockers clean and tidy and to report damaged lockers promptly to the homeroom teacher. Failure to exercise care of one's locker may result in a user being deprived of the privilege of using a locker. Lockers in changing/shower rooms will be assigned by Physical Education teachers.

The Richard G. Michaud Library

1. The library is a place to do study and research. All users shall refrain from speaking above a whisper otherwise disturbing the order and the tranquility of the library.
   
   
2. There shall be no food or beverage brought to the library. Users will abide by rules posted in the library.
   
   
3. Only designated materials may be borrowed from the library. All borrowed materials must be checked out by an authorized person and must be checked in by an authorized person on the specified dates.
   
   
4. When a student borrows material from the library he/she is responsible for that material. If the material is lost or damaged the student must pay for or replace the material. Persons in charge of the library will not entertain arguments about 'stolen' or 'lost' material. The borrower will be held responsible.
   
   
5. Groups and/or special activities in the library are subject to the approval of the librarian. Advance registration with the librarian shall be made by the group/activity leader.

Overdue Library Materials and/or Outstanding Accounts

1. The student shall NOT be allowed to borrow additional library material.
   
   
2. The student may be denied other school services such as transcripts, progress reports, diplomas and certificates, and references.
   
   
3. The student may be required to pay a penalty of ten cents per day per overdue article.

Textbooks

Subject teachers shall see to it that students place a TEXTBOOK LABEL or STAMP in the front cover of each textbook (if one is not already there) and that the student's name, the condition of the textbook at the time it is issued, and the school year are written on that label. Teachers will record the book number and the condition of the book in the teacher's school register or other form designated to that purpose.

Teachers shall distribute new and used free textbooks without discrimination, and shall not entertain any complaint concerning the distribution of used books; all textbooks remain the property of the province. A pupil losing, destroying or mutilating any free textbook shall pay for it or purchase a replacement, and the replacement shall become the property of the Province. Each pupil and teacher shall leave in the school on or before the last day of the school year, or when he leaves school, all free textbooks distributed to him at that school.

The Return of School Property

If a student fails to return, replace or reimburse the school in the prescribed manner (time and place) for lost or mutilated school property on loan to him/her, the school may withhold certain school services such as textbook allocation, transcripts, progress reports, diplomas, and certificates. Students with outstanding accounts may not be given materials in September until all accounts are settled.

Teachers will evaluate school progress on the basis of class work, projects, tests, and examinations. Students will be informed in advance as to criteria, time, place, dates and work subject to quantitative evaluation.

Middle School 6-8

The school year will be divided into three (3) marking periods of about equal numbers of teaching days. Report cards will consist of letter grades and reporting by strands in core subjects. Individual student progress reports will be issued at the end of each marking period.

High School Years

9-10

Grade 9 students will take a common curriculum. English and mathematics courses will be taken all year during both semesters. There shall be four progress reports. A minimum cumulative average of 60% is required for promotion. All grade 10 students will take the following courses: English 100, Math 100, History 100, Science 100, Physical Education 110, Art 100 or Music 100 and French 101 or French 102. The immersion students will take French Immersion Language Art 100, FI Math 100 and FI History 100. Students will take 5 courses per semester with English 100 and Math 100 being taught all year. Students who have a passing average at the end of the first semester (60%) may have the option of registering for one credited course from the grade 11 timetable during the second semester. This course would count toward as a credit toward their Graduation years (grade 11 & 12).

11-12

A minimum final mark of 60% is required for credit purposes. There shall be four progress reports. As described in the credit system above, there shall be two semesters and two reporting periods per semester.

Grade 10, 11, and 12 high school students will write formal examinations for all courses at the end of each semester. Students must write examinations. A student who is absent for reasons of health must present a note signed by a medical doctor to the teacher on the day he/she returns to school. The teacher will arrange for an appropriate make-up evaluation. There will be no make-up exam for students who fail to present a note as described above or for students absent for unacceptable reasons. Appeals will be accepted. Cases will be assessed individually. Examination schedules will be posted well in advance. In the event that school is closed during the examination period, the day(s) missed is (are) automatically re-scheduled (advanced) to the day(s) following reopening. NOTE: The method of calculating final marks may be changed during the year.

Honours

Graduating students having a general average of 80% on selected courses with no failed or modified credits will be awarded Honours standing. An Honours certificate will be presented at graduation and the achievement noted on the student's transcript of marks.

Equivalent Credits

General guidelines:

• Generally, equivalent credits may be given only for courses taken under the direct supervision of an on-staff teacher.
  
  
• No more than two equivalent credits per student may be granted.
  
  
• Equivalent credits may be given: at the same grade or no more than one grade level above, in the same subject area, and at a course level below the course for which equivalence is being sought.
  
  
• Special education students will be considered separately.

Procedure: Upon receiving a failing mark, the student may see the guidance counselor to apply for an equivalent credit form. The application is then submitted to the subject teacher for approval. Once final approval has been granted by the school administration, the student's transcript and record will be changed accordingly, and the equivalent credit form placed in the student's file.

Transfer

Students who transfer from outside the province: equivalent credits will be assessed by the guidance counselor or by one of the administrators. Students who wish to take a correspondence or like credit must have prior approval from the principal. When an equivalent or transfer credit is approved, the school official will (without delay) place a signed letter to this effect in the student's cumulative record file.

Compulsory Credits - Graduation Requirements

Grade 11
English 11 (2 credits)

Math 11 (1 credit) NOTE: Students wishing to further their education after high school must take the 2nd semester Math 11 credit.

Science (or approved Technology Course) (1 credit) *

Modern History 11 (1 credit)

Fine Arts/Life Role Development clusters (1 credit) **

Grade 12
English 12 (1 credit)

• 7 Compulsory credits from 20 possible credits
  
  
• 17 credits (including compulsory courses) required
  
  
• 5 credits at the grade 12 level

* Fine Arts/Life Role Development Cluster
Fine Arts 110, Family Living 120, Co-op Ed 120, Health and Physical Education 120, Entrepreneurship 110, Theatre Arts 120, Visual Arts 120, Outdoor Pursuits 110, Reading Tutor 120

** Science or Technology
Science (one course) from any Physics, Biology, Chemistry or Environmental Science Course, or Technology: Automotive Electrical Systems 120, Introductory Electronics110

** Students must pass an English Literacy Assessment or
Re-Assessment in order to graduate. **

In cases of illness at school, the student will report to the main office. Minor cases of illness will be dealt with at the school level (infirmary). For more pressing cases parents will be called or the student will be taken to the outpatient department of the hospital by a teacher. Students should know the name of their family doctor. Teachers WILL NOT dispense non-prescribed medication; aspirin for example. Should a student be required to take prescribed medication at school, the homeroom teacher and the parent of the student will make the necessary arrangements. The Public Health Nurse will be at school for personal and confidential interviews with students. Students wishing to meet the nurse will advise their homeroom teacher, the guidance counselor, or the front office who will complete a referral form.

Telephones

Except in cases of emergency, students may not use the school telephones to make a call. There is a public telephone in the main lobby that may be used except during class time.

Visitors

All visitors must report to the reception office. This includes the guests of students. Visitors are expected to observe all school rules. Except in cases of emergency, the school (teaching and non-teaching personnel) is not responsible for the delivery of personal items such as lunches, etc.

Announcements

Non-commercial announcements over the public address system will be made by the secretary at designated times. Announcements must be written in the announcement book at the main office. Only authorized (initialed by one of the administrators) posters and notices may be placed on the bulletin boards in the halls. Similarly, in the classrooms, posters and notices must be approved by the classroom teacher. Unauthorized posters will be removed and discarded without notification.

Valedictorian and Salutatorian

A selection committee composed of an administrator, teachers and graduating students will select the Graduation Salutatorian and Valedictorian. The Principal will select the staff members of the committee; the students sitting on the committee will be named by either the SRC or the Student Graduation Committee..

The selection of the Valedictorian and Salutatorian will be based on the following guideline criteria:

• High academic standing: students having the top five general averages in grades 11 and 12 will be considered first; candidates will have failed no course in high school;
  
  
• Exemplify the serious and scholarly student;
  
  
• Recognized by the committee as the most worthy representatives of the graduates;
  
  
• The committee's ranking of the candidates will be unanimous.
  
  
• Should a selected candidate refuse to act as Salutatorian or Valedictorian, the next-ranked candidate will be asked.

1. I have a RIGHT to learn at John Caldwell School. It is my RESPONSIBILITY to listen to instructions, to work diligently, and to follow general classroom and school guidelines set by my teachers.
   
2. I have a RIGHT to hear and to be heard. It is my RESPONSIBILITY not to talk, to shout, to make loud noises or to otherwise distract or disrupt when others are speaking.
   
3. I have a RIGHT to be respected at John Caldwell School. It is my RESPONSIBILITY not to annoy, to harass other people or to otherwise hurt their feelings.
   
4. I have a RIGHT to be safe at John Caldwell School. It is my RESPONSIBILITY not to threaten, to kick, to punch, or to physically harm anyone else.
   
5. I have a RIGHT to expect that my personal belongings will not be tampered with, stolen, or damaged by other students. It is my RESPONSIBILITY to respect the personal property of others and to accept their right to privacy.